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Introduction:
These last few surahs’ are important to study because they are
directly focusing on the life of Allah’s Messenger. And the job is not
complete – we have to implement the religion so it spreads. Just like
Allah’s Messenger.
What the Messenger of Allah went through is the best example for all of us in all stages of Da’wah (calling to Islam).
Dr Fadil Hassaan ar-Ra’i (scholar of Qur’an studies): It is a Makki surah (revealed in Makkah) and it is of the greatest surahs’ which shows the favours of Allah upon His Messenger Muhammad, and his incredible preference given to him.
This surah is dedicated to what Allah gave to him in this life and the next (al kawthar – the abundance).
This is consistent with similar previous surahs’ which show Prophet
Muhammad should be grateful to his Master for the favours he recieves
from Him.
(i.e. Ayah 1 is the favour in this surah and Ayah 2 is a command for thankfulness).
And the surah concludes a condemnation for the enemies of Allah’s
Messenger, and it elaborates that they will be completely cut off from
all good in this life and the next.
As for the Messenger is concerned – Allah has elevated him in this
world, and has given to him what he is worthy of; Ayah 3 abtar = cut off
from any form of good. There is no good left in this person.
Batr (cut off), baatir, bateer, but Abtar (afdal ul tafdeel) – is a very strong form of noun which is used.
We will find out this meaning in further depth later in the tafseer insha’ Allah.
We will find out this meaning in further depth later in the tafseer insha’ Allah.
Coherence of this Surah with the Previous Surah:
ar-Razi: in the previous surah Ma’un, Allah gives us 4 attributes
describing the hypocrites. one of the things is trhe hypocritical
behaviour;
1- Bukhl – greed/miserliness and pushing the orphan away and not encouraging feeding the poor.
Because otherwise people will ask him why he doesn’t feed the poor himself, so he doesn’t encourage it. Extreme state of miserliness because he sees the poor around him but due to greed and fear of losing his respect, he does not encourage feeding them.
Because otherwise people will ask him why he doesn’t feed the poor himself, so he doesn’t encourage it. Extreme state of miserliness because he sees the poor around him but due to greed and fear of losing his respect, he does not encourage feeding them.
2 – Abandonment/Delaying of Prayer/Salah. sahoon – Sahwa – forget something when it doesn’t seem important to them.
He delays the prayer near the time of its end and rushingly prays it then, or he doesn’t care if he misses it.
Be cheap, be heedless and delay or abandon the praye, and third;
3 – Showing off in Prayers (yura’oon) – so people see them.
4 – They are Not even willing to Give the smallest acts of charity. I.e. Zakah etc. Or small items like a water, a bucket, salt, sugar, a pen etc.
Ma’un = the item which you’re not supposed to refuse, ever. Something like a glass of water. But they even refuse that much.
How does he Relate them 4 attributes in surah Ma’un to Surah Kawthar?
In comparison to them attributes in that surah, Allah mentions 4 positive attributes in this surah;
1 – Bukhl/miserliness in that surah, to ayah 1 of this surah – Allah has given ALOT (a’ta), so because Allah gives alot, you should also give alot.
If you are given alot from Allah, you should also give alot to the needy.
2 – In surah Ma’un – they don’t care about the prayer = Sahoon. In this surah; fa sallee [so Pray] – Allah is commanding for His Messenger and the believers to be constant/consistent in prayer.
3 – In surah Ma’un – they; Yura’oon – show off in prayer.
In this surah – Pray – Li Rabbika (for your Master) – a matter of Sincerety.
In this surah – Pray – Li Rabbika (for your Master) – a matter of Sincerety.
4 – Surah Ma’un – they would not give the smallest amount of charity to anyone.
In this surah; Allah orders – waNhar – and sacrifice. Which costs money. Part of the sacrifice involves giving some of the meat in charity. Which removes miserliness and greed.
The comparison beautifies the relation between the lessons of the z2 surahs is appreciated.
Allah says;
إِنَّ شَانِئَكَ هُوَ الْأَبْتَرُ –
inna shaani’aka huwa al abtar -
Surely your enemies are the ones cut off. (ayah 3 of Kawthar)
Surely your enemies are the ones cut off. (ayah 3 of Kawthar)
All the descriptions given of the character in surah Ma’un are the Abtar (those cut off from all good).
Translation: Surat Al-Kawthar (The Abundance) - سورة الكوثر
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Transliteration:
Inna aAAtaynakaalkawthar
English:
Indeed, We have granted you, [O Muhammad], al-Kawthar.
Farsi
ما به تو کوثر [= خیر و برکت فراوان] عطا کردیم!
Indonesian:
Sesungguhnya Kami telah memberikan kepadamu nikmat yang banyak.
Malay:
Sesungguhnya Kami telah mengurniakan kepadamu (wahai Muhammad) kebaikan yang banyak (di dunia dan di akhirat).
Urdu
(اے محمدﷺ) ہم نے تم کو کوثر عطا فرمائی ہے
Bangla:
নিশ্চয় আমি আপনাকে কাওসার দান করেছি।
Tamil
(நபியே!) நிச்சயமாக நாம் உமக்கு கவ்ஸர் (என்ற தடாகத்தை) கொடுத்திருக்கின்றோம்.
Transliteration:
Fasalli lirabbika wanhar
English:
So pray to your Lord and sacrifice [to Him alone].
Farsi
پس برای پروردگارت نماز بخوان و قربانی کن!
Indonesian:
Maka dirikanlah shalat karena Tuhanmu; dan berkorbanlah.
Malay:
Oleh itu, kerjakanlah sembahyang kerana Tuhanmu semata-mata, dan sembelihlah korban (sebagai bersyukur).
Urdu
تو اپنے پروردگار کے لیے نماز پڑھا کرو اور قربانی دیا کرو
Bangla:
অতএব আপনার পালনকর্তার উদ্দেশ্যে নামায পড়ুন এবং কোরবানী করুন।
Tamil:
எனவே, உம் இறைவனுக்கு நீர் தொழுது, குர்பானியும் கொடுப்பீராக.
Transliteration:
Inna shani-aka huwa al-abtar English:
Farsi
(و بدان) دشمن تو قطعاً بریدهنسل و بیعقب است!
Indonesian:
Sesungguhnya orang-orang yang membenci kamu dialah yang terputus.
Malay:
Sesungguhnya orang yang bencikan engkau, Dia lah yang terputus (dari mendapat sebarang perkara yang diingininya).
Urdu
کچھ شک نہیں کہ تمہارا دشمن ہی بےاولاد رہے گا
Bangla:
যে আপনার শত্রু, সেই তো লেজকাটা, নির্বংশ।
Tamil:
நிச்சயமாக உம்முடைய பகைவன் (எவனோ) அவன்தான் சந்ததியற்றவன்.
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